When Iniquity Becomes a Culture: Africa’s Crisis of Bloodshed, Terrorism and Xenophobia

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There are moments when violence ceases to shock because it becomes familiar. The dead are counted, families mourn, leaders issue statements, and society moves forward until another tragedy arrives, exposing deeper wounds beneath the silence. Scripture warns against precisely such moral numbness: “Woe unto them that call evil good, and good evil” (Isaiah 5:20).

Hosea described Gilead as a city of iniquity, polluted with blood (Hosea 6:8). Jeremiah portrayed judgment falling upon a wounded people while preserving a remnant (Jeremiah 6:9). Read today, these prophetic warnings acquire disturbing relevance across contemporary Africa, where violence, corruption, hatred and impunity increasingly threaten the moral foundations of society.

Nigeria illustrates this crisis with particular force. Terrorism, banditry, kidnapping and communal violence have imposed an unbearable burden upon ordinary citizens, transforming villages, highways, farms, schools and places of worship into landscapes of anxiety. Yet Scripture declares that God is not indifferent to innocent blood: “The voice of thy brother’s blood crieth unto me from the ground” (Genesis 4:10).

The February 2026 attacks in Kwara State demonstrated the expanding brutality of insecurity. More than 160 people were reportedly killed, while survivors endured captivity, starvation and terror. Such tragedies expose more than security failures; they confront a nation with the biblical reality that “righteousness exalteth a nation: but sin is a reproach to any people” (Proverbs 14:34).

They reveal a deeper institutional question: why should citizens repeatedly become prisoners within their own country? A government exists fundamentally to protect life, liberty and property. Scripture assigns rulers a corresponding moral responsibility, describing governing authority as one that should restrain wrongdoing and promote what is good (Romans 13:1–4).

Terrorism does not merely destroy buildings or take lives. It colonises the imagination with fear. It teaches communities to anticipate violence before it arrives, forcing families to calculate whether travelling, farming, worshipping or attending school remains safe. Yet Christ’s teaching remains unequivocal: “Blessed are the peacemakers: for they shall be called the children of God” (Matthew 5:9).

Nigeria therefore requires more than military operations and casualty statistics. It needs intelligence driven security, effective policing, judicial capacity, border management, accountable institutions and community cooperation capable of preventing violence before communities become burial grounds. Biblical justice also demands action: “Learn to do well; seek judgment, relieve the oppressed, judge the fatherless, plead for the widow” (Isaiah 1:17).

But Africa’s crisis extends beyond terrorism. Another form of violence emerges when economic frustration, political failure and social anxiety are redirected toward foreigners. South Africa has become an important theatre in this disturbing continental struggle, reminding the continent that insecurity can also become psychological, social and political.

Concerns about undocumented migration, unemployment, crime and pressure on public services are legitimate policy questions. Yet legitimate grievances become morally dangerous when they mutate into vigilantism, collective punishment, hate speech or attacks against African migrants. Scripture leaves little room for ambiguity: “Thou shalt neither vex a stranger, nor oppress him” (Exodus 22:21).

A person who violates immigration law should face lawful consequences. Nationality, however, cannot become evidence of criminality. When entire communities are condemned because some individuals allegedly commit crimes, justice disappears and prejudice assumes its place. Leviticus makes the principle explicit: “The stranger that dwelleth with you shall be unto you as one born among you, and thou shalt love him as thyself” (Leviticus 19:34).

South Africa’s dilemma therefore matters beyond its borders. Xenophobia contradicts the dream of African solidarity. Nigerians, Zimbabweans, Malawians, Ghanaians and other Africans living abroad remain human beings before they become immigration statistics, political targets or convenient scapegoats. The New Testament reinforces this universal moral vision: “There is neither Jew nor Greek… for ye are all one in Christ Jesus” (Galatians 3:28).

Nigeria must confront the same destructive tendency internally. Ethnic suspicion, religious polarisation and regional antagonism have repeatedly become instruments of political mobilisation. A nation can survive disagreement, but it cannot indefinitely survive the deliberate manufacture of enemies. James warns that “the tongue is a fire, a world of iniquity” and that human beings can use speech both to bless and to curse (James 3:5–10).

The most dangerous development is not violence alone, but its normalisation. Society becomes morally exhausted when massacres generate temporary outrage, victims become statistics, perpetrators become political arguments, and citizens mourn selectively according to tribe, religion or political allegiance. The prophet Amos therefore asks a question that remains painfully contemporary: “But let judgment run down as waters, and righteousness as a mighty stream” (Amos 5:24).

Blood has no ethnicity. Grief has no religion. A murdered child does not become less innocent because of birthplace, nationality or ancestry. Any society that forgets this elementary truth eventually creates conditions where cruelty becomes easier to justify. Jesus’ command to “love thy neighbour as thyself” (Matthew 22:39) cannot be confined to people who share our tribe, passport or political affiliation.

Hosea’s Gilead therefore represents more than an ancient geographical reference. It symbolises the terrifying moment when wrongdoing becomes embedded within social life, when corruption, violence and hatred cease appearing exceptional and begin resembling ordinary features of existence. Scripture repeatedly warns that societies can become so accustomed to evil that conscience itself becomes hardened (Ephesians 4:18–19).

Terrorists represent organised violence, but xenophobic mobs represent another expression. Corrupt officials who steal public resources represent another. Politicians who deliberately inflame ethnic hatred represent another. Their methods differ, but their disregard for human dignity remains disturbingly similar. Proverbs identifies seven things the Lord hates, including “hands that shed innocent blood” and “a false witness that speaketh lies” (Proverbs 6:16–19).

Yet Jeremiah offers another image: the remnant. The remnant represents the possibility of renewal after devastation. Across Africa, it includes citizens, journalists, judges, soldiers, religious leaders, teachers and ordinary people who continue defending justice despite overwhelming pressures. Scripture repeatedly presents the remnant not merely as survivors, but as those through whom restoration remains possible (Isaiah 10:20–22; Micah 5:7–8).

Nigeria’s recent interfaith initiatives demonstrate that possibility. Muslim and Christian leaders have publicly committed themselves to peace, religious harmony and resistance to extremism and hate speech. Such efforts deserve more than ceremonies; they require institutional and community follow through. Paul captures the principle succinctly: “If it be possible, as much as lieth in you, live peaceably with all men” (Romans 12:18).

Africa needs a broader understanding of security. Protecting territory is insufficient if citizens remain afraid. Controlling borders is insufficient if migrants become victims. Defeating terrorists is insufficient if corruption, exclusion and political manipulation continue nourishing violent grievances. Security without justice becomes merely the management of fear.

The continent must therefore confront both the symptoms and the disease. Military force has its place, but no army can permanently defeat hatred that communities reproduce, institutions tolerate and political actors manipulate for short term advantage. Jesus warned that “every kingdom divided against itself is brought to desolation” (Matthew 12:25).

Africa’s future will depend upon what it chooses to normalise. If terrorism becomes ordinary, children inherit fear. If xenophobia becomes acceptable, continental integration becomes an empty slogan. If corruption becomes routine, institutions become monuments to impunity. Habakkuk’s ancient cry remains relevant: “For the law is slacked, and judgment doth never go forth” (Habakkuk 1:4).

But another future remains possible. Africa can choose justice over vengeance, accountability over impunity, reconciliation over hatred and human dignity over political convenience. The remnant can become more than survivors; it can become the foundation of renewal. As Isaiah declares, “Zion shall be redeemed with judgment, and her converts with righteousness” (Isaiah 1:27).

Hosea warns what happens when a society becomes polluted by blood. Jeremiah reminds us that judgment does not necessarily constitute the final chapter. Between those two prophetic images lies Africa’s present choice: destruction or moral reconstruction. The biblical witness does not permit passive observation; it calls societies toward repentance, justice and restoration.

For Nigeria, South Africa and the wider continent, the challenge is unmistakable. Africa cannot preach unity while tolerating xenophobia, demand security while ignoring institutional failure, or invoke God while treating human beings as disposable. “He hath shewed thee, O man, what is good; and what doth the Lord require of thee, but to do justly, and to love mercy, and to walk humbly with thy God?” (Micah 6:8).

The continent must recover the oldest principle of civilisation: every human life possesses dignity that no terrorist, mob, politician, ideology, tribe, religion or border possesses the authority to erase. Scripture declares that humanity itself bears the image of God (Genesis 1:27). The remnant must therefore refuse silence, resist hatred and rebuild the moral architecture of a continent whose future depends not merely upon surviving violence, but upon recovering its conscience.

– Inah Boniface Ocholi writes from Ayah – Igalamela/Odolu LGA, Kogi state.
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